Elasticsearch output plugin

  • Plugin version: v10.0.1
  • Released on: 2019-02-06
  • Changelog

For other versions, see theVersioned plugin docs.

Getting Help

For questions about the plugin, open a topic in the Discuss forums. For bugs or feature requests, open an issue in Github.For the list of Elastic supported plugins, please consult the Elastic Support Matrix.

Description

Note

Compatibility Note

Starting with Elasticsearch 5.3, there’s an HTTP settingcalled http.content_type.required. If this option is set to true, and youare using Logstash 2.4 through 5.2, you need to update the Elasticsearch outputplugin to version 6.2.5 or higher.

If you plan to use the Kibana webinterface, use the Elasticsearch output plugin to get your log data intoElasticsearch.

Tip

You can run Elasticsearch on your own hardware, or use ourhosted Elasticsearch Service onElastic Cloud. The Elasticsearch Service is available on both AWS and GCP.Try the Elasticsearch Servicefor free.

This output only speaks the HTTP protocol. HTTP is the preferred protocol for interacting with Elasticsearch as of Logstash 2.0.We strongly encourage the use of HTTP over the node protocol for a number of reasons. HTTP is only marginally slower,yet far easier to administer and work with. When using the HTTP protocol one may upgrade Elasticsearch versions without havingto upgrade Logstash in lock-step.

You can learn more about Elasticsearch at https://www.elastic.co/products/elasticsearch

Template management for Elasticsearch 5.x

Index template for this version (Logstash 5.0) has been changed to reflect Elasticsearch’s mapping changes in version 5.0.Most importantly, the subfield for string multi-fields has changed from .raw to .keyword to match ES defaultbehavior.

Users installing ES 5.x and LS 5.x

This change will not affect you and you will continue to use the ES defaults.

Users upgrading from LS 2.x to LS 5.x with ES 5.x

LS will not force upgrade the template, if logstash template already exists. This means you will still use.raw for sub-fields coming from 2.x. If you choose to use the new template, you will have to reindex your data afterthe new template is installed.

Retry Policy

The retry policy has changed significantly in the 8.1.1 release.This plugin uses the Elasticsearch bulk API to optimize its imports into Elasticsearch. These requests may experienceeither partial or total failures. The bulk API sends batches of requests to an HTTP endpoint. Error codes for the HTTPrequest are handled differently than error codes for individual documents.

HTTP requests to the bulk API are expected to return a 200 response code. All other response codes are retried indefinitely.

The following document errors are handled as follows:

  • 400 and 404 errors are sent to the dead letter queue (DLQ), if enabled. If a DLQ is not enabled, a log message will be emitted, and the event will be dropped. See DLQ Policy for more info.
  • 409 errors (conflict) are logged as a warning and dropped.

Note that 409 exceptions are no longer retried. Please set a higher retry_on_conflict value if you experience 409 exceptions.It is more performant for Elasticsearch to retry these exceptions than this plugin.

DLQ Policy

Mapping (404) errors from Elasticsearch can lead to data loss. Unfortunatelymapping errors cannot be handled without human intervention and without lookingat the field that caused the mapping mismatch. If the DLQ is enabled, theoriginal events causing the mapping errors are stored in a file that can beprocessed at a later time. Often times, the offending field can be removed andre-indexed to Elasticsearch. If the DLQ is not enabled, and a mapping errorhappens, the problem is logged as a warning, and the event is dropped. SeeDead Letter Queues for more information about processing events in the DLQ.

Index Lifecycle Management

Note

The Index Lifecycle Management feature requires plugin version 9.3.1 or higher.

Note

This feature requires an Elasticsearch instance of 6.6.0 or higher with at least a Basic license

Logstash can use Index Lifecycle Management to automate the management of indices over time.

The use of Index Lifecycle Management is controlled by the ilm_enabled setting. By default, this is willautomatically detect whether the Elasticsearch instance supports ILM, and will use it if it is available. ilm_enabledcan also be set to true or false to override the automatic detection, or disable ILM.

This will overwrite the index settings and adjust the Logstash template to write the necessary settings for the templateto support index lifecycle management, including the index policy and rollover alias to be used.

Logstash will create a rollover alias for the indices to be written to, including a pattern for how the actual indices will be named, and unless an ILM policy that already exists has been specified,a default policy will also be created. The default policy is configured to rollover an index when it reaches either 50 gigabytes in size, or is 30 days old, whichever happens first.

The default rollover alias is called logstash, with a default pattern for the rollover index of {now/d}-00001,which will name indices on the date that the index is rolled over, followed by an incrementing number. Note that the pattern must end with a dash and a number that will be incremented.

See the Rollover API documentation for more details on naming.

The rollover alias, ilm pattern and policy can be modified.

See config below for an example:

output {  elasticsearch {    ilm_rollover_alias: "custom"    ilm_pattern: "000001"    ilm_policy: "custom_policy"  }}
Note

Custom ILM policies must already exist on the Elasticsearch cluster before they can be used.

Note

If the rollover alias or pattern is modified, the index template will need to be overwritten as the settings index.lifecycle.name and index.lifecycle.rollover_alias are automatically written to the template

Note

If the index property is supplied in the output definition, it will be overwritten by the rollover alias.

Batch Sizes

This plugin attempts to send batches of events as a single request. However, ifa request exceeds 20MB we will break it up into multiple batch requests. If a single document exceeds 20MB it will be sent as a single request.

DNS Caching

This plugin uses the JVM to lookup DNS entries and is subject to the value of networkaddress.cache.ttl,a global setting for the JVM.

As an example, to set your DNS TTL to 1 second you would setthe LS_JAVA_OPTS environment variable to -Dnetworkaddress.cache.ttl=1.

Keep in mind that a connection with keepalive enabled willnot reevaluate its DNS value while the keepalive is in effect.

HTTP Compression

This plugin supports request and response compression. Response compression is enabled by default andfor Elasticsearch versions 5.0 and later, the user doesn’t have to set any configs in Elasticsearch forit to send back compressed response. For versions before 5.0, http.compression must be set to true inElasticsearch to take advantage of response compression when using this plugin

For requests compression, regardless of the Elasticsearch version, users have to enable http_compressionsetting in their Logstash config file.

Elasticsearch Output Configuration Options

This plugin supports the following configuration options plus the Common Options described later.

Also see Common Options for a list of options supported by alloutput plugins.

 

action

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is "index"

Protocol agnostic (i.e. non-http, non-java specific) configs go hereProtocol agnostic methodsThe Elasticsearch action to perform. Valid actions are:

  • index: indexes a document (an event from Logstash).
  • delete: deletes a document by id (An id is required for this action)
  • create: indexes a document, fails if a document by that id already exists in the index.
  • update: updates a document by id. Update has a special case where you can upsert — update a document if not already present. See the upsert option. NOTE: This does not work and is not supported in Elasticsearch 1.x. Please upgrade to ES 2.x or greater to use this feature with Logstash!
  • A sprintf style string to change the action based on the content of the event. The value %{[foo]} would use the foo field for the action

For more details on actions, check out the Elasticsearch bulk API documentation

bulk_path

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

HTTP Path to perform the _bulk requests tothis defaults to a concatenation of the path parameter and "_bulk"

cacert

  • Value type is path
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The .cer or .pem file to validate the server’s certificate

doc_as_upsert

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is false

Enable doc_as_upsert for update mode.Create a new document with source if document_id doesn’t exist in Elasticsearch

document_id

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The document ID for the index. Useful for overwriting existing entries inElasticsearch with the same ID.

document_type

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.
  • This option is deprecated

Note: This option is deprecated due to the removal of types in Elasticsearch 6.0.It will be removed in the next major version of Logstash.This sets the document type to write events to. Generally you should try to write onlysimilar events to the same type. String expansion %{foo} works here.If you don’t set a value for this option:

  • for elasticsearch clusters 6.x and above: the value of doc will be used;
  • for elasticsearch clusters 5.x and below: the event’s type field will be used, if the field is not present the value of doc will be used.

failure_type_logging_whitelist

  • Value type is array
  • Default value is []

Set the Elasticsearch errors in the whitelist that you don’t want to log.A useful example is when you want to skip all 409 errorswhich are document_already_exists_exception.

custom_headers

  • Value type is hash
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Pass a set of key value pairs as the headers sent in each request toan elasticsearch node. The headers will be used for any kind of request(_bulk request, template installation, health checks and sniffing).These custom headers will be overidden by settings like http_compression.

healthcheck_path

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

HTTP Path where a HEAD request is sent when a backend is marked downthe request is sent in the background to see if it has come back againbefore it is once again eligible to service requests.If you have custom firewall rules you may need to change this

hosts

  • Value type is uri
  • Default value is [//127.0.0.1]

Sets the host(s) of the remote instance. If given an array it will load balance requests across the hosts specified in the hosts parameter.Remember the http protocol uses the http address (eg. 9200, not 9300). "127.0.0.1" ["127.0.0.1:9200","127.0.0.2:9200"] ["http://127.0.0.1"] ["https://127.0.0.1:9200"] ["https://127.0.0.1:9200/mypath"] (If using a proxy on a subpath)It is important to exclude dedicated master nodes from the hosts listto prevent LS from sending bulk requests to the master nodes. So this parameter should only reference either data or client nodes in Elasticsearch.

Any special characters present in the URLs here MUST be URL escaped! This means # should be put in as %23 for instance.

http_compression

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is false

Enable gzip compression on requests. Note that response compression is on by default for Elasticsearch v5.0 and beyond

ilm_enabled

  • Value can be any of: true, false, auto
  • Default value is auto

The default setting of auto will automatically enable the Index Lifecycle Management feature, if the Elasticsearch cluster is running Elasticsearch version 7.0.0 or higher with the ILM feature enabled, and disable it otherwise.

Setting this flag to false will disable the Index Lifecycle Management feature, even if the Elasticsearch cluster supports ILM.Setting this flag to true will enable Index Lifecycle Management feature, if the Elasticsearch cluster supports it. This is requiredto enable Index Lifecycle Management on a version of Elasticsearch earlier than version 7.0.0.

Note

This feature requires a Basic License or above to be installed on an Elasticsearch cluster version 6.6.0 or later

ilm_pattern

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is {now/d}-000001

Pattern used for generating indices managed by Index Lifecycle Management. The value specified in the pattern will be appended tothe write alias, and incremented automatically when a new index is created by ILM.

Date Math can be used when specifying an ilm pattern, see Rollover API docs for details

Note

Updating the pattern will require the index template to be rewritten

Note

The pattern must finish with a dash and a number that will be automatically incremented when indices rollover.

ilm_policy

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is logstash

Modify this setting to use a custom Index Lifecycle Management policy, rather than the default. If this value is not set, the default policy willbe automatically installed into Elasticsearch

Note

If this setting is specified, the policy must already exist in Elasticsearch cluster.

ilm_rollover_alias

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is logstash

The rollover alias is the alias where indices managed using Index Lifecycle Management will be written to.

Note

If both index and ilm_rollover_alias are specified, ilm_rollover_alias takes precedence.

Note

Updating the rollover alias will require the index template to be rewritten

index

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is "logstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"

The index to write events to. This can be dynamic using the %{foo} syntax.The default value will partition your indices by day so you can more easilydelete old data or only search specific date ranges.Indexes may not contain uppercase characters.For weekly indexes ISO 8601 format is recommended, eg. logstash-%{+xxxx.ww}.LS uses Joda to format the index pattern from event timestamp.Joda formats are defined here.

keystore

  • Value type is path
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The keystore used to present a certificate to the server.It can be either .jks or .p12

keystore_password

  • Value type is password
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Set the keystore password

manage_template

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is true

From Logstash 1.3 onwards, a template is applied to Elasticsearch duringLogstash’s startup if one with the name template_name does not already exist.By default, the contents of this template is the default template forlogstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd} which always matches indices based on the patternlogstash-*. Should you require support for other index names, or would liketo change the mappings in the template in general, a custom template can bespecified by setting template to the path of a template file.

Setting manage_template to false disables this feature. If you require morecontrol over template creation, (e.g. creating indices dynamically based onfield names) you should set manage_template to false and use the RESTAPI to apply your templates manually.

parameters

  • Value type is hash
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Pass a set of key value pairs as the URL query string. This query string is addedto every host listed in the hosts configuration. If the hosts list containsurls that already have query strings, the one specified here will be appended.

parent

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is nil

For child documents, ID of the associated parent.This can be dynamic using the %{foo} syntax.

password

  • Value type is password
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Password to authenticate to a secure Elasticsearch cluster

path

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

HTTP Path at which the Elasticsearch server lives. Use this if you must run Elasticsearch behind a proxy that remapsthe root path for the Elasticsearch HTTP API lives.Note that if you use paths as components of URLs in the hosts field you maynot also set this field. That will raise an error at startup

pipeline

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is nil

Set which ingest pipeline you wish to execute for an event. You can also use event dependent configurationhere like pipeline => "%{INGEST_PIPELINE}"

pool_max

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 1000

While the output tries to reuse connections efficiently we have a maximum.This sets the maximum number of open connections the output will create.Setting this too low may mean frequently closing / opening connectionswhich is bad.

pool_max_per_route

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 100

While the output tries to reuse connections efficiently we have a maximum per endpoint.This sets the maximum number of open connections per endpoint the output will create.Setting this too low may mean frequently closing / opening connectionswhich is bad.

proxy

  • Value type is uri
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Set the address of a forward HTTP proxy.This used to accept hashes as arguments but now only acceptsarguments of the URI type to prevent leaking credentials.

resurrect_delay

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 5

How frequently, in seconds, to wait between resurrection attempts.Resurrection is the process by which backend endpoints marked down are checkedto see if they have come back to life

retry_initial_interval

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 2

Set initial interval in seconds between bulk retries. Doubled on each retry up to retry_max_interval

retry_max_interval

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 64

Set max interval in seconds between bulk retries.

retry_on_conflict

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 1

The number of times Elasticsearch should internally retry an update/upserted documentSee the partial updatesfor more info

routing

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

A routing override to be applied to all processed events.This can be dynamic using the %{foo} syntax.

script

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is ""

Set script name for scripted update mode

Example:

output {  elasticsearch {    script => "ctx._source.message = params.event.get('message')"  }}

script_lang

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is "painless"

Set the language of the used script. If not set, this defaults to painless in ES 5.0.When using indexed (stored) scripts on Elasticsearch 6 and higher, you must set this parameter to "" (empty string).

script_type

  • Value can be any of: inline, indexed, file
  • Default value is ["inline"]

Define the type of script referenced by "script" variable inline : "script" contains inline script indexed : "script" contains the name of script directly indexed in elasticsearch file : "script" contains the name of script stored in elasticsearch’s config directory

script_var_name

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is "event"

Set variable name passed to script (scripted update)

scripted_upsert

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is false

if enabled, script is in charge of creating non-existent document (scripted update)

sniffing

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is false

This setting asks Elasticsearch for the list of all cluster nodes and adds them to the hosts list.For Elasticsearch 1.x and 2.x any nodes with http.enabled (on by default) will be added to the hosts list, including master-only nodes!For Elasticsearch 5.x and 6.x any nodes with http.enabled (on by default) will be added to the hosts list, excluding master-only nodes.

sniffing_delay

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 5

How long to wait, in seconds, between sniffing attempts

sniffing_path

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

HTTP Path to be used for the sniffing requeststhe default value is computed by concatenating the path value and "_nodes/http"if sniffing_path is set it will be used as an absolute pathdo not use full URL here, only paths, e.g. "/sniff/_nodes/http"

ssl

  • Value type is boolean
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Enable SSL/TLS secured communication to Elasticsearch cluster. Leaving this unspecified will use whatever schemeis specified in the URLs listed in hosts. If no explicit protocol is specified plain HTTP will be used.If SSL is explicitly disabled here the plugin will refuse to start if an HTTPS URL is given in hosts

ssl_certificate_verification

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is true

Option to validate the server’s certificate. Disabling this severely compromises security.For more information on disabling certificate verification please readhttps://www.cs.utexas.edu/~shmat/shmat_ccs12.pdf

template

  • Value type is path
  • There is no default value for this setting.

You can set the path to your own template here, if you so desire.If not set, the included template will be used.

template_name

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is "logstash"

This configuration option defines how the template is named inside Elasticsearch.Note that if you have used the template management features and subsequentlychange this, you will need to prune the old template manually, e.g.

curl -XDELETE <http://localhost:9200/_template/OldTemplateName?pretty>

where OldTemplateName is whatever the former setting was.

template_overwrite

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is false

The template_overwrite option will always overwrite the indicated templatein Elasticsearch with either the one indicated by template or the included one.This option is set to false by default. If you always want to stay up to datewith the template provided by Logstash, this option could be very useful to you.Likewise, if you have your own template file managed by puppet, for example, andyou wanted to be able to update it regularly, this option could help there as well.

Please note that if you are using your own customized version of the Logstashtemplate (logstash), setting this to true will make Logstash to overwritethe "logstash" template (i.e. removing all customized settings)

timeout

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 60

Set the timeout, in seconds, for network operations and requests sent Elasticsearch. Ifa timeout occurs, the request will be retried.

truststore

  • Value type is path
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The truststore to validate the server’s certificate.It can be either .jks or .p12.Use either :truststore or :cacert.

truststore_password

  • Value type is password
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Set the truststore password

upsert

  • Value type is string
  • Default value is ""

Set upsert content for update mode.Create a new document with this parameter as json string if document_id doesn’t exists

user

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Username to authenticate to a secure Elasticsearch cluster

validate_after_inactivity

  • Value type is number
  • Default value is 10000

How long to wait before checking if the connection is stale before executing a request on a connection using keepalive.You may want to set this lower, if you get connection errors regularlyQuoting the Apache commons docs (this client is based Apache Commmons):Defines period of inactivity in milliseconds after which persistent connections mustbe re-validated prior to being leased to the consumer. Non-positive value passed tothis method disables connection validation. This check helps detect connections thathave become stale (half-closed) while kept inactive in the pool.See these docs for more info

version

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The version to use for indexing. Use sprintf syntax like %{my_version} to use a field value here.See https://www.elastic.co/blog/elasticsearch-versioning-support.

version_type

  • Value can be any of: internal, external, external_gt, external_gte, force
  • There is no default value for this setting.

The version_type to use for indexing.See https://www.elastic.co/blog/elasticsearch-versioning-support.See also https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/docs-index_.html#_version_types

Common Options

The following configuration options are supported by all output plugins:

Setting Input type Required

enable_metric

boolean

No

id

string

No

enable_metric

  • Value type is boolean
  • Default value is true

Disable or enable metric logging for this specific plugin instance.By default we record all the metrics we can, but you can disable metrics collectionfor a specific plugin.

id

  • Value type is string
  • There is no default value for this setting.

Add a unique ID to the plugin configuration. If no ID is specified, Logstash will generate one.It is strongly recommended to set this ID in your configuration. This is particularly usefulwhen you have two or more plugins of the same type. For example, if you have 2 elasticsearch outputs.Adding a named ID in this case will help in monitoring Logstash when using the monitoring APIs.

output {  elasticsearch {    id => "my_plugin_id"  }}